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Xi’an, formerly named Chang’an, is one of the 13 ancient capitals in China and also one of the four great ancient capital cities of the world. During the Han and Tang Dynasties, Xi’an had been the greatest international city in the world. It was also the starting point of the Silk Road.
西安,古称长安,是中国十三古都之一,也是世界四大古都之一。汉唐时期,西安曾是世界上最伟大的国际化城市,也是丝绸之路的起点。
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Located at the very heart of Xi’an, the Bell Tower is one of the city’s most iconic historical landmarks. Constructed in 1384 during the Ming Dynasty, it originally served as a central timekeeping and alarm facility, where the bell was rung to mark the hours and alert the city in times of emergency. Standing at the intersection of Xi’an’s four main avenues, the Bell Tower symbolizes the unity and strategic significance of the ancient capital. Its classic wooden architecture rests on a brick base, rising majestically in traditional Chinese style with green-glazed tiles and elegantly upturned eaves. The tower offers panoramic views of the surrounding city, linking the past with the vibrant energy of modern Xi’an. Today, the Bell Tower is not only a historical monument but also a cultural symbol, inviting visitors from around the world to witness the legacy and charm of Xi’an’s rich heritage.

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Located just west of the Bell Tower, the Drum Tower is another iconic structure in the heart of Xi’an. Built in 1380 during the Ming Dynasty, it was used to keep time and signal important events by beating large drums—especially at sunset. The tower features traditional wooden architecture with sweeping eaves, red columns, and intricate carvings, representing classical Chinese design. Inside, visitors can view ancient drums and exhibitions on traditional music and timekeeping culture. Today, the Drum Tower overlooks the lively Muslim Quarter, making it an excellent starting point for exploring local flavors, crafts, and daily life. It stands as a vibrant symbol of Xi’an’s historical rhythm and cultural heritage.

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The Xi’an Circumvallation is one of the oldest, largest, and best-preserved city walls in China. Originally built in the 14th century during the Ming Dynasty, it stretches over 13 kilometers and forms a massive rectangle around the historic center of the city. Standing 12 meters high and 14 meters wide at the top, the wall features watchtowers, gates, and a wide walkway that offers panoramic views of both ancient and modern Xi’an. Visitors can walk or rent bicycles to explore the entire wall, experiencing the scale and strength of ancient Chinese city defense systems. As a symbol of Xi’an’s enduring legacy, the City Wall connects the city’s imperial past with its vibrant present.

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Discovered in 1974 near Xi’an, the Terracotta Army is one of the most significant archaeological finds of the 20th century. Constructed over 2,000 years ago, the life-sized army was built to guard the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of a unified China. The site comprises thousands of terracotta warriors, horses, chariots, and weapons, each meticulously crafted with unique facial expressions, hairstyles, and armor, reflecting the military structure and artistry of the Qin Dynasty. The figures are arranged in battle formation across several vast underground pits, showcasing the emperor’s authority and vision of an eternal empire. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Terracotta Army offers invaluable insight into ancient Chinese history, funerary art, and imperial power. It continues to attract millions of visitors and researchers from around the world.

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Dayan Pagoda, located in the southern part of Xi’an, is one of the most renowned Buddhist landmarks in China. Originally built in 652 AD during the Tang Dynasty, the pagoda was constructed to store Buddhist scriptures and relics brought back from India by the famous monk Xuanzang after his 17-year pilgrimage along the Silk Road.
Standing at 64 meters high, the seven-story brick structure exemplifies Tang Dynasty architecture with its simple, symmetrical style and solid form. The pagoda played a vital role in the transmission of Buddhism, marking a significant point in cultural and religious exchange between East and West.
Surrounded by the serene Da Ci’en Temple complex and modern public squares, the Dayan Pagoda remains a sacred site and a symbol of Xi’an’s historical importance as a cultural and spiritual center of ancient China. It is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and continues to attract scholars, pilgrims, and tourists from around the world.

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Located in Xi'an Qujiang New District, Tang Paradise is a grand royal-style cultural park themed on the golden age of the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD). Covering 165 acres on the historical site of the original Tang imperial garden, this meticulously reconstructed landscape vividly resurrects the grandeur of "Eight Scenic Views of Chang'an". Highlights include the majestic Ziyun Tower, Ladies' Pavilion, Apricot Garden, and the poetic Qujiang Flowing Banquet. Through authentic Tang-style architecture, classical gardens, and immersive performances, the park offers a multidimensional experience of the Tang Dynasty's cultural openness and artistic brilliance. At night, the world's largest water screen projection show "Tang Dynasty Dream" combines lasers, music and water choreography to recount epic historical tales. A must-visit destination for both history enthusiasts and cultural explorers.

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Mount Hua, also known as Huashan, is one of China's Five Great Mountains and is located in Shaanxi Province, near the city of Huayin. Renowned for its steep peaks, breathtaking cliffs, and rich cultural heritage, Huashan has long been a place of pilgrimage for Taoists and adventurers alike. The mountain features five main peaks, each with its own unique beauty and legend, with the South Peak being the highest at 2,154 meters. Visitors often come for the thrilling plank walk, ancient Taoist temples, and the stunning sunrise views from the summit. With a perfect blend of natural splendor and spiritual significance, Mount Hua offers an unforgettable experience for every traveler.

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The Forest of Stone Steles Museum, located in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, is one of the oldest and most prestigious museums in China. Established in 1087 during the Northern Song Dynasty, the museum is famous for its vast collection of ancient stone steles and calligraphic inscriptions. It houses more than 3,000 stone steles spanning from the Han to the Qing dynasties, covering a wide range of subjects including history, literature, politics, religion, and art. Among its most significant treasures are the “Kaicheng Classics,” the oldest surviving collection of Confucian classics carved in stone. The museum not only preserves invaluable historical records, but also serves as a gallery of Chinese calligraphy, showcasing the evolution of script styles over thousands of years. As a cultural landmark in Xi’an, it offers visitors deep insight into China’s intellectual and artistic heritage.

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The Shaanxi History Museum, located in Xi’an, is one of China’s most significant cultural institutions. Opened in 1991, it houses over 370,000 artifacts that span the rich and diverse history of ancient China, particularly the dynasties that made Xi’an their capital, such as the Zhou, Qin, Han, and Tang.
The museum's architecture blends traditional Tang-style design with modern exhibition technology, offering a grand yet elegant atmosphere. Its exhibitions include ancient pottery, bronze wares, murals, coins, jade, and the famous Tang dynasty frescoes. As the cradle of Chinese civilization, Shaanxi holds a central place in the country’s historical narrative, and the museum serves as a gateway to understanding China’s imperial past. For anyone interested in Chinese history and culture, the Shaanxi History Museum is a must-visit destination.

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Guangren Temple, located in the northwest corner of Xi’an’s city wall, is the only Tibetan Buddhist temple in Shaanxi Province. It was built in 1703 during the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, originally to host high-ranking Tibetan lamas traveling to Beijing. With its unique combination of Tibetan and Han architectural styles, the temple reflects the cultural exchange between different ethnic groups in China. Inside the temple, visitors can admire exquisite Tibetan Buddhist art, including golden statues, thangka paintings, and prayer wheels. As a symbol of national unity and religious harmony, Guangren Temple remains an important site for both spiritual practice and cultural heritage. Today, it continues to attract pilgrims, scholars, and tourists from around the world.

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Yongxingfang, located in the eastern part of Xi’an near the ancient city wall, is a vibrant cultural and culinary district that brings the essence of Shaanxi heritage to life. Built on the site of an old historical neighborhood, it combines traditional architecture with lively street culture. The area is best known for its authentic Shaanxi cuisine, featuring famous local snacks such as roujiamo (Chinese hamburger), biangbiang noodles, cold skin noodles, and sweet rice wine. Street performances, folk crafts, and cultural exhibitions also contribute to the rich atmosphere of the area. Yongxingfang is not only a food lover’s paradise, but also a cultural experience where visitors can taste, see, and feel the spirit of ancient Xi’an in a modern setting. It’s a must-visit for those seeking a deep dive into local life and flavors.

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The Anrenfang Heritage Museum, located in Xi’an, marks the ruins of one of the ancient residential wards from the Tang Dynasty Chang’an City. As part of the city’s highly structured grid layout, Anrenfang was a typical urban block that reflected the planning, daily life, and governance of the Tang capital. The museum preserves and showcases archaeological discoveries including residential foundations, drainage systems, wells, and household artifacts. These findings provide valuable insights into the urban life, architecture, and social structure of the Tang Dynasty. Through immersive exhibitions and digital reconstructions, the Anrenfang Heritage Museum brings to life the elegance and order of ancient Chang’an. It serves as an important window into the urban civilization of one of the most prosperous periods in Chinese history.

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The Muslim Quarter, located in the heart of Xi’an near the Drum Tower, is one of the city’s most famous cultural and culinary landmarks. This vibrant area is home to a large community of Hui people, one of China’s Muslim ethnic groups, who have lived here for centuries. With its lively atmosphere, the street is known for its dazzling variety of traditional snacks and street food, such as lamb kebabs, roujiamo (Chinese burger), hand-pulled noodles, and persimmon cakes. The architecture combines Ming and Qing styles with Islamic influences, reflecting a unique blend of cultures. Beyond the food, visitors can explore mosques, markets, and craft shops, experiencing the rich traditions of Xi’an’s Muslim heritage. The Muslim Quarter is not just a food street — it’s a living cultural experience that captures the flavor, history, and diversity of the ancient Silk Road.

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Roujiamo, often referred to as the “Chinese hamburger,” is one of Xi’an’s most beloved and historic street foods. With origins dating back to the Qin or Han dynasty, Roujiamo consists of slow-braised, seasoned meat - typically pork or beef - shredded and packed into a freshly baked, crispy flatbread known as baijimo. What makes Roujiamo special is its rich flavor and texture contrast: the tender, juicy meat is simmered with a blend of over a dozen spices, while the flatbread is crisp on the outside and soft inside, traditionally baked in a clay oven. Some modern variations also include lamb or spicy fillings to cater to regional tastes. More than just a snack, Roujiamo reflects the culinary ingenuity and cultural depth of Shaanxi cuisine. Whether enjoyed from a roadside vendor in the Muslim Quarter or at a traditional eatery, Roujiamo is a must-try for anyone seeking an authentic taste of Xi’an.

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Yangrou Paomo is one of the most iconic dishes of Xi’an, beloved for its rich flavor and comforting warmth. This traditional Shaanxi dish consists of tender lamb cooked in a savory, aromatic broth, served with pieces of torn flatbread, known as "mo." The preparation of Yangrou Paomo involves slow-braising the lamb with a blend of spices and herbs, creating a flavorful broth that is both rich and fragrant. The flatbread, typically baked in a clay oven, is torn into bite-sized pieces before being added to the soup, absorbing the broth and enhancing the dish’s texture. Traditionally, the dish is served with chili paste, garlic, and vinegar to add a personal touch to the flavor profile. It’s a hearty, satisfying meal that reflects the culinary heritage of Xi’an. Whether enjoyed in the bustling Muslim Quarter or at a local restaurant, Yangrou Paomo is a must-try for anyone looking to taste the authentic flavors of this ancient city.

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Biang Biang noodles are one of the most unique and delicious dishes from Xi'an, known for their wide, chewy texture and bold flavors. The name "Biang" is derived from the complex and distinctive Chinese character used to write it, which is said to be one of the most complicated characters in the Chinese language. The noodles are hand-pulled to a thick, flat shape and served in a fragrant sauce made with chili oil, garlic, vinegar, and a blend of spices. The dish is typically topped with tender pieces of meat, such as beef or lamb, and garnished with fresh vegetables, creating a delightful mix of textures and flavors. The heat from the chili oil and the tang from the vinegar perfectly complement the richness of the noodles and meat.
Biang Biang noodles are often served with a side of pickled vegetables and a sprinkle of cilantro, making them a hearty and flavorful meal. This dish is a true representation of Shaanxi cuisine's bold and vibrant flavors, and a must-try for anyone visiting Xi'an.

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Gan Mian Pi is a popular and refreshing cold noodle dish from Xi'an, known for its distinctive texture and bold flavors. This dish is made with wheat flour dough, which is hand-rolled into thin sheets and then cut into wide, silky noodles. The noodles are served cold, making it a perfect dish for hot summer days. The sauce that accompanies Gan Mian Pi is what truly sets it apart. It is made from a rich blend of sesame paste, garlic, soy sauce, chili oil, vinegar, and a variety of spices, creating a harmonious balance of savory, tangy, and spicy flavors. The noodles are tossed in this sauce, giving them a savory depth that pairs perfectly with the smooth, chewy texture. Typically served with garnishes such as cucumber, cilantro, and a sprinkle of crushed peanuts, Gan Mian Pi offers a refreshing and satisfying meal. This dish is a favorite in Xi'an’s bustling food scene, often enjoyed as a quick snack or a light meal.

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Hulu Chicken (also known as “Gourd Chicken”) is a distinctive and flavorful dish that originates from Xi’an, celebrated for its crispy texture and rich taste. The dish is named after the "hulu" or "gourd," because the chicken is traditionally cooked in a gourd-shaped clay pot, which helps retain the chicken's natural juices and enhances its flavor.
The chicken is marinated with a blend of spices, including garlic, soy sauce, and various herbs, before being deep-fried to golden perfection. It is then served with a savory sauce that balances the rich flavors of the crispy skin and tender meat, often accompanied by a sprinkle of sesame seeds and fresh cilantro.
What sets Hulu Chicken apart is its unique cooking method, which results in a tender, juicy interior and a crunchy exterior, offering a delightful contrast in textures. This dish is typically enjoyed as a main course and is a popular choice among locals and tourists alike. Whether you’re dining in a local restaurant or exploring the vibrant food markets of Xi’an, Hulu Chicken is a must-try for anyone seeking to experience authentic Shaanxi cuisine.

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Shaanxi persimmon cakes, also known as dried persimmons, are a traditional Chinese delicacy with a history spanning over a thousand years. Grown primarily in the fertile lands of Lintong, Fuping, and Dali in Shaanxi Province, these persimmons are known for their high quality, rich flavor, and natural sweetness. The production process involves selecting ripe persimmons, peeling them by hand, and sun-drying them over several weeks. As they dry, a natural layer of white frost forms on the surface — a sign of high sugar content and a symbol of quality. Soft, chewy, and fragrant, Shaanxi persimmon cakes are not only a tasty snack but also carry cultural significance. They are often enjoyed during festivals and given as auspicious gifts symbolizing sweetness, longevity, and good fortune.

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Qiong Guo Candy is a traditional handmade sweet originating from Shaanxi Province, particularly popular in areas like Xianyang and surrounding counties. Known for its golden color, crispy texture, and rich malt aroma, it has long been cherished as a classic local delicacy. Made from high-quality wheat flour and malt syrup, Qiong Guo Candy is crafted through a meticulous process of boiling, pulling, stretching, and layering, resulting in its unique flaky texture and sweet, melt-in-the-mouth taste. The candy is often shaped into rectangular blocks or delicate slices. More than just a treat, Qiong Guo Candy carries cultural significance. It is often shared during festivals, weddings, and family gatherings, symbolizing happiness, prosperity, and a sweet life. As a representative of Shaanxi's traditional confectionery, it embodies both craftsmanship and cultural memory.

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Hot pot is one of China’s most iconic and beloved culinary traditions. It involves a simmering pot of flavorful broth placed at the center of the table, where diners cook a variety of fresh ingredients such as thinly sliced meat, vegetables, tofu, and seafood. The cooked food is then dipped in personalized sauces for added flavor. Hot pot is not just a meal — it is a social experience. Families and friends gather around the table to cook, share, and enjoy the food together, making it a symbol of warmth, unity, and celebration. Different regions in China offer distinct hot pot styles, from the spicy and numbing Sichuan hot pot to the light and herbal Cantonese version. Today, hot pot has become popular worldwide, offering a rich, interactive dining experience that highlights the diversity and depth of Chinese food culture.

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Guantang Bao, or soup dumplings, are a famous traditional Chinese delicacy known for their delicate wrappers, flavorful fillings, and rich, savory broth sealed inside each bun. Originating from northern China, they are especially popular in regions like Shaanxi and Jiangsu. Each dumpling is carefully crafted with a thin dough wrapper that holds seasoned meat and a gelatinous broth, which melts into soup when steamed. The result is a tender, juicy bite bursting with flavor. Eating a soup dumpling is both an art and a pleasure — usually done by gently lifting it, biting a small hole, sipping the soup, and then enjoying the rest. Guantang Bao represents the refinement of Chinese dim sum culture, combining technique, taste, and tradition in every bite.

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Mapo Tofu is a classic dish from Sichuan cuisine, famous for its bold, spicy, and numbing flavor. The dish features tender cubes of tofu cooked in a rich, spicy sauce made with fermented bean paste, chili oil, minced meat (usually beef or pork), and the signature Sichuan peppercorns that create a tingling sensation on the tongue. The name "Mapo" refers to the original creator — a pockmarked (ma) old woman (po) who ran a small restaurant in Chengdu during the Qing Dynasty. Her unique tofu dish quickly gained popularity for its mouthwatering taste and became a Sichuan culinary icon. Mapo Tofu perfectly embodies the essence of Sichuan cuisine: 麻 (numbing), 辣 (spicy), 烫 (hot), and 香 (fragrant). Today, it is enjoyed not only across China but around the world as a symbol of Chinese flavor and spice.













